Substance
Camphor

Pathology
CNS stimulant with toxic effects; underlying mechanism is not known.

Symptoms
Burning of mouth and throat, nausea, vomiting, headache, CNS hyperactivity followed by CNS depression, vertigo, liver function abnormalities, delirium, tremor, convulsions, apnea, coma, death from respiratory arrest secondary to status epilepticus.

Emergency Measures
Airway maintenance, gastric lavage with copious amounts of fluid, activated charcoal and cathartic, benzodiazepines for seizures.

Comments
Fatalities have been reported with 1- or 2-g doses; however, most exposures can be effectively managed and resolved without residual complications.