A device that maintains the functions of the heart and lungs while either or both are unable to continue to function adequately. The device pumps, oxygenates, and removes carbon dioxide from the blood. In animal studies and in open heart surgery, these machines take over the function of the heart and lungs while these organs are being treated or possibly replaced. The function of the heart-lung machine is also called heart-lung bypass.

Figure: HEART-LUNG MACHINE