Substance
Mushrooms containing muscarine

[Other Names]
Amanita muscaria, (fly agaric)
Amanita panterina, (panther)
Clitocybe dealbata, (sweater)
Clitocybe dilatata,
Clitocybe illudens,
Most Inocybe species

Pathology
Peripheral cholinergic effect due to muscarine; stimulation of autonomic nervous system.

Symptoms
Lacrimation, diaphoresis, salivation, abdominal cramps, vomiting, loss of bowel and bladder control

Emergency Measures
Gastric decontamination with activated charcoal may adsorb recently ingested mushroom toxins from the GI tract. Patients with fulminant hepatic failure will need intensive care and possible referral for liver transplantation.

Comments
Identification of ingested mushroom may help guide therapy if uneaten mushroom samples are available for analysis. Patients afflicted with fulminant liver failure have a high risk of death if a donor liver is not available.